TY - JOUR

T1 - Symmetry breaking and phase transitions in Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbital-angular-momentum coupling

AU - Duan, Y.

AU - Bidasyuk, Y. M.

AU - Surzhykov, A.

N1 - Funding information: Y.D. gratefully acknowledge support by the Braunschweig International Graduate School of Metrology B-IGSM and the DFG Research Training Group GrK 1952/1 Metrology for Complex Nanosystems. This research was also funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC–2123 QuantumFrontiers–390837967.

PY - 2020/12/24

Y1 - 2020/12/24

N2 - Theoretical study is presented for a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, whose two components are coupled by copropagating Raman beams with different orbital angular momenta. The investigation is focused on the behavior of the ground state of this condensate, depending on the atom-light coupling strength. By analyzing the ground state, we have identified a number of quantum phases, which reflect the symmetries of the effective Hamiltonian and are characterized by the specific structure of the wave function. In addition to the well-known stripe, polarized, and zero-momentum phases, our results show that the system can support phases whose wave functions contain a complex vortex molecule. Such a molecule plays an important role in the continuous phase transitions of the system. The predicted behavior of vortex-molecule phases can be examined in cold-atom experiments using currently existing techniques.

AB - Theoretical study is presented for a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, whose two components are coupled by copropagating Raman beams with different orbital angular momenta. The investigation is focused on the behavior of the ground state of this condensate, depending on the atom-light coupling strength. By analyzing the ground state, we have identified a number of quantum phases, which reflect the symmetries of the effective Hamiltonian and are characterized by the specific structure of the wave function. In addition to the well-known stripe, polarized, and zero-momentum phases, our results show that the system can support phases whose wave functions contain a complex vortex molecule. Such a molecule plays an important role in the continuous phase transitions of the system. The predicted behavior of vortex-molecule phases can be examined in cold-atom experiments using currently existing techniques.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85098600989&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.063328

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.063328

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85098600989

VL - 102

JO - Physical Review A

JF - Physical Review A

SN - 2469-9926

IS - 6

M1 - 063328

ER -