Details
| Originalsprache | Englisch |
|---|---|
| Aufsatznummer | 1621 |
| Fachzeitschrift | Water (Switzerland) |
| Jahrgang | 14 |
| Ausgabenummer | 10 |
| Publikationsstatus | Veröffentlicht - 18 Mai 2022 |
Abstract
Nowadays, the reuse of built agricultural/industrial heritage has been a common practice worldwide. These structures represent excellent symbols of the great agricultural/industrial past. These agricultural/hydro-technologies also serve as monuments of socio-cultural identities, especially in rural areas and on small farms. One example of a successful application of agricultural technologies for small farms is the water mill. By harnessing the water energy, they were used for traditional flour and other goods production (e.g., olive oil) and works requiring energy, with the main role in the evolution of the traditional/cultural landscape. Water mills have been used to drive a mechanical process of milling, hammering, and rolling and are a portion of the agricultural, cultural, and industrial heritage. For approximately two millennia, the vertical mill water wheel prepared the initial source of mechanical power in many regions of the world. Water mills were the first device that converted natural resources of energy into mechanical energy in order to operate some form of machinery. The preservation/management of water mills is challenging due to their long-term abandonment and the lack of information/knowledge about their value. The other obstacles that are faced in their retrofitting and/or preservation are the lack of sufficient economic incentives and complex authorizations/legislations. Sustainability and regeneration of water mills through the centuries are then reviewed for history and agricultural/industrial “archaeology”. The history of water-powered mills in prehistoric and historic times, including ancient Persia/Iran, ancient China, ancient India, the Islamic world, Venetian Crete, medieval Europe, America, and finally present times, is discussed. The outcome of this review allows the understanding of the importance of conservation, optimization, and development of water mills. It will help to know more and achieve sustainable/regenerative development for small farms with respect to water and energy crises at present and in the future.
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
- Sozialwissenschaften (insg.)
- Geografie, Planung und Entwicklung
- Biochemie, Genetik und Molekularbiologie (insg.)
- Biochemie
- Agrar- und Biowissenschaften (insg.)
- Aquatische Wissenschaften
- Umweltwissenschaften (insg.)
- Gewässerkunde und -technologie
Fachgebiet (basierend auf ÖFOS 2012)
- TECHNISCHE WISSENSCHAFTEN
- Bauwesen
- Bauingenieurwesen
- Wasserkraftanlagenbau
Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung
Zitieren
- Standard
- Harvard
- Apa
- Vancouver
- BibTex
- RIS
in: Water (Switzerland), Jahrgang 14, Nr. 10, 1621, 18.05.2022.
Publikation: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Übersichtsarbeit › Forschung › Peer-Review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Sustainable and Regenerative Development of Water Mills as an Example of Agricultural Technologies for Small Farms
AU - Angelakis, Andreas N.
AU - Valipour, Mohammad
AU - Dietrich, Jörg
AU - Voudouris, Konstantinos
AU - Kumar, Rohitashw
AU - Salgot, Miquel
AU - Mahmoudian, Seyed Ali
AU - Rontogianni, Anatoli
AU - Theocharis, Tsoutsos
PY - 2022/5/18
Y1 - 2022/5/18
N2 - Nowadays, the reuse of built agricultural/industrial heritage has been a common practice worldwide. These structures represent excellent symbols of the great agricultural/industrial past. These agricultural/hydro-technologies also serve as monuments of socio-cultural identities, especially in rural areas and on small farms. One example of a successful application of agricultural technologies for small farms is the water mill. By harnessing the water energy, they were used for traditional flour and other goods production (e.g., olive oil) and works requiring energy, with the main role in the evolution of the traditional/cultural landscape. Water mills have been used to drive a mechanical process of milling, hammering, and rolling and are a portion of the agricultural, cultural, and industrial heritage. For approximately two millennia, the vertical mill water wheel prepared the initial source of mechanical power in many regions of the world. Water mills were the first device that converted natural resources of energy into mechanical energy in order to operate some form of machinery. The preservation/management of water mills is challenging due to their long-term abandonment and the lack of information/knowledge about their value. The other obstacles that are faced in their retrofitting and/or preservation are the lack of sufficient economic incentives and complex authorizations/legislations. Sustainability and regeneration of water mills through the centuries are then reviewed for history and agricultural/industrial “archaeology”. The history of water-powered mills in prehistoric and historic times, including ancient Persia/Iran, ancient China, ancient India, the Islamic world, Venetian Crete, medieval Europe, America, and finally present times, is discussed. The outcome of this review allows the understanding of the importance of conservation, optimization, and development of water mills. It will help to know more and achieve sustainable/regenerative development for small farms with respect to water and energy crises at present and in the future.
AB - Nowadays, the reuse of built agricultural/industrial heritage has been a common practice worldwide. These structures represent excellent symbols of the great agricultural/industrial past. These agricultural/hydro-technologies also serve as monuments of socio-cultural identities, especially in rural areas and on small farms. One example of a successful application of agricultural technologies for small farms is the water mill. By harnessing the water energy, they were used for traditional flour and other goods production (e.g., olive oil) and works requiring energy, with the main role in the evolution of the traditional/cultural landscape. Water mills have been used to drive a mechanical process of milling, hammering, and rolling and are a portion of the agricultural, cultural, and industrial heritage. For approximately two millennia, the vertical mill water wheel prepared the initial source of mechanical power in many regions of the world. Water mills were the first device that converted natural resources of energy into mechanical energy in order to operate some form of machinery. The preservation/management of water mills is challenging due to their long-term abandonment and the lack of information/knowledge about their value. The other obstacles that are faced in their retrofitting and/or preservation are the lack of sufficient economic incentives and complex authorizations/legislations. Sustainability and regeneration of water mills through the centuries are then reviewed for history and agricultural/industrial “archaeology”. The history of water-powered mills in prehistoric and historic times, including ancient Persia/Iran, ancient China, ancient India, the Islamic world, Venetian Crete, medieval Europe, America, and finally present times, is discussed. The outcome of this review allows the understanding of the importance of conservation, optimization, and development of water mills. It will help to know more and achieve sustainable/regenerative development for small farms with respect to water and energy crises at present and in the future.
KW - agricultural technologies
KW - ancient Wmachines
KW - clean energy
KW - hydro-power
KW - regenerative agriculture
KW - small farms
KW - sustainable development
KW - water history 2 of 26
KW - water mill
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131044405&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/w14101621
DO - 10.3390/w14101621
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85131044405
VL - 14
JO - Water (Switzerland)
JF - Water (Switzerland)
SN - 2073-4441
IS - 10
M1 - 1621
ER -