TY - JOUR

T1 - Sonochemical synthesis of porous NiTiO3 nanorods for photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium

AU - Pugazhenthiran, N.

AU - Kaviyarasan, K.

AU - Sivasankar, T.

AU - Emeline, A.

AU - Bahnemann, D.

AU - Mangalaraja, R.V.

AU - Anandan, S.

N1 - Funding information: The authors SA and DW gratefully acknowledge DFG (Germany) and INSA (India) for their exchange visit fellowship. The author SA also thank DST, India for the sanction of India-Russia collaborative research grant (INT/RUS/RFBR/P-209 dt. 15-06-2015) for the financial support. The authors NP gratefully acknowledge the FONDECYT Post-doctoral project No. 3160134. Government of Chile, Santiago, for the financial assistance. The authors AE and DW acknowledge “Establishment of the Laboratory Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials” No.14.Z50.31.0016 supported by a Mega-grant of the Government of the Russian Federation.

PY - 2017/3/1

Y1 - 2017/3/1

N2 - Porous NiTiO 3 nanorods were synthesized through the sonochemical route followed by calcination at various temperature conditions. Surface morphology of the samples was tuned by varying the heat treatment temperature from 100 to 600 °C. The synthesized NiTiO 3 nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffused reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. The characterization studies revealed that the NiTiO 3 nanomaterial was tuned to porous and perfectly rod shaped structure during the heat treatment at 600 °C. The porous NiTiO 3 nanorods showed visible optical response and thus can be utilized in the photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) under direct sunlight. The photoluminescence intensity of the porous NiTiO 3 nanorods formed while heating at 600 °C was lower than that of the as-synthesized NiTiO 3 sample owing to the photogenerated electrons delocalization along the one dimensional nanorods and this delocalization resulted in the reduction of the electron-hole recombination rate. The photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) was carried out using NiTiO 3 nanorods under the direct sunlight irradiation and their intermediate products were analysed through HPLC to deduce the possible degradation mechanism. The porous NiTiO 3 nanorods exhibited an excellent photocatalytic activity towards the CFS degradation and further, the photocatalytic activity was increased by the addition of peroxomonosulfate owing to the simultaneous generation of both [rad]OH and SO 4 [rad]−.

AB - Porous NiTiO 3 nanorods were synthesized through the sonochemical route followed by calcination at various temperature conditions. Surface morphology of the samples was tuned by varying the heat treatment temperature from 100 to 600 °C. The synthesized NiTiO 3 nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffused reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. The characterization studies revealed that the NiTiO 3 nanomaterial was tuned to porous and perfectly rod shaped structure during the heat treatment at 600 °C. The porous NiTiO 3 nanorods showed visible optical response and thus can be utilized in the photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) under direct sunlight. The photoluminescence intensity of the porous NiTiO 3 nanorods formed while heating at 600 °C was lower than that of the as-synthesized NiTiO 3 sample owing to the photogenerated electrons delocalization along the one dimensional nanorods and this delocalization resulted in the reduction of the electron-hole recombination rate. The photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) was carried out using NiTiO 3 nanorods under the direct sunlight irradiation and their intermediate products were analysed through HPLC to deduce the possible degradation mechanism. The porous NiTiO 3 nanorods exhibited an excellent photocatalytic activity towards the CFS degradation and further, the photocatalytic activity was increased by the addition of peroxomonosulfate owing to the simultaneous generation of both [rad]OH and SO 4 [rad]−.

KW - Ceftiofur sodium

KW - NiTiO nanorods

KW - Oxidants

KW - Photocatalysis

KW - Sunlight

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85000948009&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.012

DO - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.012

M3 - Article

VL - 35

SP - 342

EP - 350

JO - Ultrasonics sonochemistry

JF - Ultrasonics sonochemistry

SN - 1350-4177

IS - Part A

ER -