Details
| Originalsprache | Englisch |
|---|---|
| Aufsatznummer | 024025 |
| Fachzeitschrift | Physical review applied |
| Jahrgang | 17 |
| Ausgabenummer | 2 |
| Publikationsstatus | Veröffentlicht - 9 Feb. 2022 |
Abstract
Laser interferometers are the core measurement tool in gravitational wave observatories. An important factor that can limit the performance is the relative power instability of the laser, a problem often called relative intensity noise (RIN). But exactly how this influences the interferometer performance is not completely understood. Therefore in this paper we analyze laser RIN coupling into the phase readout in balanced and unbalanced heterodyne interferometers. We describe the coupling theoretically, then simulate and finally measure it. Our results reveal a combination of RIN contributions from the heterodyne frequency and twice the heterodyne frequency in the interferometric phase readout. We also show that when an additional, correlated reference measurement is subtracted the combined coupling factor depends on the differential phase between the two measurements and thus can be minimized. Our results have implications for noise models in future space-based gravitational wave observatories like Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, where RIN-to-phase coupling arises directly and is modulated via spacecraft jitter, testmass position and orientation.
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
- Physik und Astronomie (insg.)
- Allgemeine Physik und Astronomie
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in: Physical review applied, Jahrgang 17, Nr. 2, 024025, 09.02.2022.
Publikation: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Artikel › Forschung › Peer-Review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Relative-Intensity-Noise Coupling in Heterodyne Interferometers
AU - Wissel, Lennart
AU - Wittchen, Andreas
AU - Schwarze, Thomas S.
AU - Hewitson, Martin
AU - Heinzel, Gerhard
AU - Halloin, Hubert
N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Brigitte Kaune, Sarah Paczkowski, Gudrun Wanner, Michael Born, Marie-Sophie Hartig, Olaf Hartwig, Ewan Fitzsimons, and Jean-Baptiste Bayle for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge support by the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) with funding from the Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie (project reference number 50 OQ 1801, based on work done under project reference numbers 50 OQ 1301 and 50 OQ 0601).
PY - 2022/2/9
Y1 - 2022/2/9
N2 - Laser interferometers are the core measurement tool in gravitational wave observatories. An important factor that can limit the performance is the relative power instability of the laser, a problem often called relative intensity noise (RIN). But exactly how this influences the interferometer performance is not completely understood. Therefore in this paper we analyze laser RIN coupling into the phase readout in balanced and unbalanced heterodyne interferometers. We describe the coupling theoretically, then simulate and finally measure it. Our results reveal a combination of RIN contributions from the heterodyne frequency and twice the heterodyne frequency in the interferometric phase readout. We also show that when an additional, correlated reference measurement is subtracted the combined coupling factor depends on the differential phase between the two measurements and thus can be minimized. Our results have implications for noise models in future space-based gravitational wave observatories like Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, where RIN-to-phase coupling arises directly and is modulated via spacecraft jitter, testmass position and orientation.
AB - Laser interferometers are the core measurement tool in gravitational wave observatories. An important factor that can limit the performance is the relative power instability of the laser, a problem often called relative intensity noise (RIN). But exactly how this influences the interferometer performance is not completely understood. Therefore in this paper we analyze laser RIN coupling into the phase readout in balanced and unbalanced heterodyne interferometers. We describe the coupling theoretically, then simulate and finally measure it. Our results reveal a combination of RIN contributions from the heterodyne frequency and twice the heterodyne frequency in the interferometric phase readout. We also show that when an additional, correlated reference measurement is subtracted the combined coupling factor depends on the differential phase between the two measurements and thus can be minimized. Our results have implications for noise models in future space-based gravitational wave observatories like Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, where RIN-to-phase coupling arises directly and is modulated via spacecraft jitter, testmass position and orientation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124494268&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.024025
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.024025
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85124494268
VL - 17
JO - Physical review applied
JF - Physical review applied
SN - 2331-7019
IS - 2
M1 - 024025
ER -