TY - JOUR

T1 - Preconcentration and Detection of Gefitinib Anti-Cancer Drug Traces from Water and Human Plasma Samples by Means of Magnetic Nanoparticles

AU - Borg, Hadeer

AU - Zámbó, Dániel

AU - Elmansi, Heba

AU - Hashem, Heba M.

AU - Jehan Nasr, Jenny

AU - Walash, Mohammed I.

AU - Bigall, Nadja C.

AU - Belal, Fathalla

N1 - Funding Information: This project was funded by Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. The project leading to these results has in part received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement 714429). Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully thank Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt for funding this project. We would like to thank Tawfik Alkhodary and Ziad Amara from Mansoura University Oncology Centre for their help in collecting plasma samples. The project leading to these results has in part received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement 714429). D.Z. and N.C.B. moreover thank Armin Feldhoff and J?rgen Caro for providing the SEM and XRD facility at Leibniz Universit?t Hannover. The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Publishing Fund of Leibniz Universit?t Hannover. Funding Information: Funding: This project was funded by Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. The project leading to these results has in part received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement 714429). Funding Information: Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully thank Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt for funding this project. We would like to thank Tawfik Alkhodary and Ziad Amara from Mansoura University Oncology Centre for their help in collecting plasma samples. The project leading to these results has in part received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement 714429). D.Z. and N.C.B. moreover thank Armin Feldhoff and Jürgen Caro for providing the SEM and XRD facility at Leibniz Universität Hannover. The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Publishing Fund of Leibniz Universität Hannover.

PY - 2020/6

Y1 - 2020/6

N2 - Along of widespread application of anti-cancer drug Gefitinib (GEF), it appears in human body fluids as well as clinical wastewater. Consequently, a reliable and easy-to-adapt detection technique is of essential importance to quantify the drug in different media. The extraction and quantitative detection of anti-cancer drug Gefinitib (GEF) is demonstrated based on a straightforward and efficient magnetic nanoparticle-assisted preconcentration route from water and human plasma samples. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have been prepared with an average particle size of 15 nm and utilized as extractible adsorbents for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of GEF in aqueous media. The method is based on MSPE and preconcentration of GEF followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection (HPLC-UV). The yield of GEF extraction under the optimum MSPE conditions were 94% and 87% for water and plasma samples, respectively. The chromatographic separation was carried out isocratically at 25◦C on a Phenomenex C8 reversed phase column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, with 5 µm particle size). The proposed method was linear over concentration ranges of 15.0–300.0 and 80.0–600.0 ng/mL for water and plasma samples with limits of detection of 4.6 and 25.0 ng/mL in a respective order. Relative standard deviations (%RSD) for intra-day and inter-day were 0.75 and 0.94 for water samples and 1.26 and 1.70 for plasma samples, respectively. Using the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as loaded drug-extractors made the detection of the anti-cancer drug environmentally friendly and simple and has great potential to be used for different drug-containing systems.

AB - Along of widespread application of anti-cancer drug Gefitinib (GEF), it appears in human body fluids as well as clinical wastewater. Consequently, a reliable and easy-to-adapt detection technique is of essential importance to quantify the drug in different media. The extraction and quantitative detection of anti-cancer drug Gefinitib (GEF) is demonstrated based on a straightforward and efficient magnetic nanoparticle-assisted preconcentration route from water and human plasma samples. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have been prepared with an average particle size of 15 nm and utilized as extractible adsorbents for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of GEF in aqueous media. The method is based on MSPE and preconcentration of GEF followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection (HPLC-UV). The yield of GEF extraction under the optimum MSPE conditions were 94% and 87% for water and plasma samples, respectively. The chromatographic separation was carried out isocratically at 25◦C on a Phenomenex C8 reversed phase column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, with 5 µm particle size). The proposed method was linear over concentration ranges of 15.0–300.0 and 80.0–600.0 ng/mL for water and plasma samples with limits of detection of 4.6 and 25.0 ng/mL in a respective order. Relative standard deviations (%RSD) for intra-day and inter-day were 0.75 and 0.94 for water samples and 1.26 and 1.70 for plasma samples, respectively. Using the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as loaded drug-extractors made the detection of the anti-cancer drug environmentally friendly and simple and has great potential to be used for different drug-containing systems.

KW - Gefitinib

KW - Human plasma

KW - Iron oxide nanoparticles

KW - Liquid chromatography

KW - Magnetic solid-phase extraction

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086649795&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/nano10061196

DO - 10.3390/nano10061196

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85086649795

VL - 10

JO - Nanomaterials

JF - Nanomaterials

SN - 2079-4991

IS - 6

M1 - 1196

ER -