TY - JOUR

T1 - Peering into the Mechanism of Low-Temperature Synthesis of Bronze-type TiO2 in Ionic Liquids

AU - Voepel, Pascal

AU - Seitz, Christoph

AU - Waack, Jan M.

AU - Zahn, Stefan

AU - Leichtweiß, Thomas

AU - Zaichenko, Aleksandr

AU - Mollenhauer, Doreen

AU - Amenitsch, Heinz

AU - Voggenreiter, Markus

AU - Polarz, Sebastian

AU - Smarsly, Bernd M.

N1 - Funding Information: P.V., M.V., S.P., and B.M.S. acknowledge financial support within the SPP1708 of the German Research Foundation (DFG). S.Z. acknowledges financial support of the DFG by Grant ZA 606/4-1. This work was strongly supported by the Center for Material Research (LaMa) of the Justus-Liebig University Giessen (Germany). We kindly acknowledge the Elettra Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Trieste, Italy) for provision and support on the work at SAXS-Beamline 5.2. Also, we would like to acknowledge Hubert Wörner and Vanessa Zimmermann for TGA-MS measurements. S.Z., J.W., A.Z., and D.M. acknowledge the IT Service Centre of Justus Liebig University Giessen. Funding Information: *E-mail: bernd.smarsly@phys.chemie.uni-giessen.de. ORCID Sebastian Polarz: 0000-0003-1651-4906 Bernd M. Smarsly: 0000-0001-8452-2663 Funding SPP1708 DFG Grant No. SM 199/11-1 DFG Grant No. ZA 606/4-1 Notes The authors declare no competing financial interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 American Chemical Society. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2017/10/4

Y1 - 2017/10/4

N2 - In this work, we present detailed investigations on the influence of binary ionic liquid (IL) mixtures on sol-gel syntheses of metastable metal oxide phases. The synthesis of the metastable TiO 2 bronze phase and anatase as well as the rutile modification is followed via in situ diffraction methods coupled with thermal gravimetric analysis. The variation of the composition of mixtures of ILs allows for the adjustment of TiO 2 phase composition at low temperatures. On the basis of these results, the synthesis of the hexagonal tungsten bronze-like titanium hydroxyl oxy fluoride was achieved. Our results pave the way for a deeper understanding of IL participation in the syntheses of inorganic nanomaterials, going further than treating them as solvents.

AB - In this work, we present detailed investigations on the influence of binary ionic liquid (IL) mixtures on sol-gel syntheses of metastable metal oxide phases. The synthesis of the metastable TiO 2 bronze phase and anatase as well as the rutile modification is followed via in situ diffraction methods coupled with thermal gravimetric analysis. The variation of the composition of mixtures of ILs allows for the adjustment of TiO 2 phase composition at low temperatures. On the basis of these results, the synthesis of the hexagonal tungsten bronze-like titanium hydroxyl oxy fluoride was achieved. Our results pave the way for a deeper understanding of IL participation in the syntheses of inorganic nanomaterials, going further than treating them as solvents.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042485489&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acs.cgd.7b01231

DO - 10.1021/acs.cgd.7b01231

M3 - Article

VL - 17

SP - 5586

EP - 5601

JO - Crystal growth & design

JF - Crystal growth & design

SN - 1528-7483

IS - 10

ER -