TY - JOUR

T1 - Non-cuttable material created through local resonance and strain rate effects

T2 - Non-cuttable material created through local resonance and strain rate effects (Scientific Reports, (2020), 10, 1, (11539), 10.1038/s41598-020-65976-0)

AU - Stefan, Szyniszewski

AU - Vogel, Rene

AU - Bittner, Florian

AU - Jakubczyk, Ewa

AU - Anderson, Miranda

AU - Pelacci, Manuel

AU - Chinedu, Ajoku

AU - Endres, Hans-Josef

AU - Hipke, Thomas

N1 - Funding information: This study was funded by the Research Framework of the European Commission under METFOAM Career Integration Grant 631827 with support from program manager Dr. Ing. Antonio Cipollaro. The project was also funded by the Home Office in the UK with the support from the program officer, Jess Sorrell. The work was also supported by the impact acceleration grant no EP/P511456/1, provided by the Engineering and Physical Science Council (EPSRC) in the UK. Support of Dr. Sue Angulatta, a local program manager, is genuinely appreciated. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission, the Home Office nor EPSRC. We are indebted to Dr. Mavrogordato and Prof. Sinclair from µ-VIS X-Ray Imaging Centre at the University of Southampton for performing CT scans of our early material samples. Mr. Peter Haynes, Mr. David Jones, and Dr. David Jesson were invaluable during mechanical testing of our specimens. Mr. Lee Ramsdale and his team machined testing fixtures, which enabled our mechanical tests. We are grateful to Dr. ?ukasz Rogal from Polish Academy of Sciences for fruitful discussions and benchmarks against high entropy alloys. We would like to thank: Kilian Fivaesh, Izzuan Bin Sa’adon, Pablo Álvarez del Río and Ioannis Antonakos for their involvement in metallic foam ceramic composite testing and characterization as part of their undergraduate and MSc projects. We are also indebted to Prof. Alan Robins, Dr. Marco Placidi, and Dr. Paul Hayden for insightful discussions about the resistance mechanism to waterjet cutting.

PY - 2020/7/20

Y1 - 2020/7/20

N2 - We have created a new architected material, which is both highly deformable and ultra‐resistant to dynamic point loads. The bio-inspired metallic cellular structure (with an internal grid of large ceramic segments) is non-cuttable by an angle grinder and a power drill, and it has only 15% steel density. Our architecture derives its extreme hardness from the local resonance between the embedded ceramics in a flexible cellular matrix and the attacking tool, which produces high-frequency vibrations at the interface. The incomplete consolidation of the ceramic grains during the manufacturing also promoted fragmentation of the ceramic spheres into micron-size particulate matter, which provided an abrasive interface with increasing resistance at higher loading rates. The contrast between the ceramic segments and cellular material was also effective against a waterjet cutter because the convex geometry of the ceramic spheres widened the waterjet and reduced its velocity by two orders of magnitude. Shifting the design paradigm from static resistance to dynamic interactions between the material phases and the applied load could inspire novel, metamorphic materials with pre-programmed mechanisms across different length scales.

AB - We have created a new architected material, which is both highly deformable and ultra‐resistant to dynamic point loads. The bio-inspired metallic cellular structure (with an internal grid of large ceramic segments) is non-cuttable by an angle grinder and a power drill, and it has only 15% steel density. Our architecture derives its extreme hardness from the local resonance between the embedded ceramics in a flexible cellular matrix and the attacking tool, which produces high-frequency vibrations at the interface. The incomplete consolidation of the ceramic grains during the manufacturing also promoted fragmentation of the ceramic spheres into micron-size particulate matter, which provided an abrasive interface with increasing resistance at higher loading rates. The contrast between the ceramic segments and cellular material was also effective against a waterjet cutter because the convex geometry of the ceramic spheres widened the waterjet and reduced its velocity by two orders of magnitude. Shifting the design paradigm from static resistance to dynamic interactions between the material phases and the applied load could inspire novel, metamorphic materials with pre-programmed mechanisms across different length scales.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088270232&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-020-65976-0

DO - 10.1038/s41598-020-65976-0

M3 - Article

C2 - 32686707

AN - SCOPUS:85088270232

VL - 10

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

SN - 2045-2322

IS - 1

M1 - 11539

ER -