TY - JOUR

T1 - Mechanically induced phase transformation of γ-Al2O 3 into α-Al2O3. Access to structurally disordered γ-Al2O3 with a controllable amount of pentacoordinated Al sites

AU - Düvel, A.

AU - Romanova, E.

AU - Sharifi, M.

AU - Freude, D.

AU - Wark, M.

AU - Heitjans, P.

AU - Wilkening, M.

PY - 2011/11/24

Y1 - 2011/11/24

N2 - One of the most important goals in materials science is the modification and design of solids to obtain functionalized materials with tailored properties. However, in many cases the structure-property relationships are unknown or turn out to be highly complex and difficult to bring under control. In the present paper we show how the atomic-scale structure of a technically important oxide can be modified by mechanical rather than by chemical treatment. We comprehensively investigated the phase transformation of γ-Al 2O3 into α-Al2O3 which was mechanically initiated by treatment of various samples in a high-energy ball mill. The progress of the transformation is followed on an atomic scale by 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy carried out at a very high magnetic field of 17.6 T. Depending on the kind of milling, unsaturated, i.e., pentacoordinated, Al ions are formed to an unexpectedly large number fraction as high as 20%. The progress of the phase transformation turns out to depend on a number of parameters such as the initial morphology and surface area of the samples as well as the milling conditions. By systematically evaluating and varying these parameters, several ways have been found to easily manipulate the phase transformation and, more importantly, to ultimately control both the formation and amount of pentacoordinated Al centers. These have been shown to act as anchoring sites for catalytically active materials such as widely used Pt. Finally, the mechanical preparation route found might establish a basis for the design of catalysts whose activity can be thoroughly tailored.

AB - One of the most important goals in materials science is the modification and design of solids to obtain functionalized materials with tailored properties. However, in many cases the structure-property relationships are unknown or turn out to be highly complex and difficult to bring under control. In the present paper we show how the atomic-scale structure of a technically important oxide can be modified by mechanical rather than by chemical treatment. We comprehensively investigated the phase transformation of γ-Al 2O3 into α-Al2O3 which was mechanically initiated by treatment of various samples in a high-energy ball mill. The progress of the transformation is followed on an atomic scale by 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy carried out at a very high magnetic field of 17.6 T. Depending on the kind of milling, unsaturated, i.e., pentacoordinated, Al ions are formed to an unexpectedly large number fraction as high as 20%. The progress of the phase transformation turns out to depend on a number of parameters such as the initial morphology and surface area of the samples as well as the milling conditions. By systematically evaluating and varying these parameters, several ways have been found to easily manipulate the phase transformation and, more importantly, to ultimately control both the formation and amount of pentacoordinated Al centers. These have been shown to act as anchoring sites for catalytically active materials such as widely used Pt. Finally, the mechanical preparation route found might establish a basis for the design of catalysts whose activity can be thoroughly tailored.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=81755176067&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/jp206077r

DO - 10.1021/jp206077r

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:81755176067

VL - 115

SP - 22770

EP - 22780

JO - Journal of Physical Chemistry C

JF - Journal of Physical Chemistry C

SN - 1932-7447

IS - 46

ER -