TY - JOUR

T1 - Laser-assisted bioprinting at different wavelengths and pulse durations with a metal dynamic release layer

T2 - A parametric study

AU - Koch, Lothar

AU - Brandt, Ole

AU - Deiwick, Andrea

AU - Chichkov, Boris

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - For more than a decade, living cells and biomaterials (typically hydrogels) are printed via laser-assisted bio- printing. Often, a thin metal layer is applied as laser-absorbing material called dynamic release layer (DRL). This layer is vaporized by focused laser pulses generating vapor pressure that propels forward a coated biomaterial. Different la-sers with laser wavelengths from 193 to 1064 nanometer have been used. As a metal DRL gold, silver, or titanium lay-ers have been used. The applied laser pulse durations were usually in the nanosecond range from 1 to 30 ns. In addition, some studies with femtosecond lasers have been published. However, there are no studies on the effect of all these la-sers parameters on bioprinting with a metal DRL, and on comparing different wavelengths and pulse durations - except one study comparing 500 femtosecond pulses with 15 ns pulses. In this paper, the effects of laser wavelength (355, 532, and 1064 nm) and laser pulse duration (in the range of 8 to 200 ns) are investigated. Furthermore, the effects of laser pulse energy, intensity, and focal spot size are studied. The printed droplet volume, hydrogel jet velocity, and cell via-bility are analyzed.

AB - For more than a decade, living cells and biomaterials (typically hydrogels) are printed via laser-assisted bio- printing. Often, a thin metal layer is applied as laser-absorbing material called dynamic release layer (DRL). This layer is vaporized by focused laser pulses generating vapor pressure that propels forward a coated biomaterial. Different la-sers with laser wavelengths from 193 to 1064 nanometer have been used. As a metal DRL gold, silver, or titanium lay-ers have been used. The applied laser pulse durations were usually in the nanosecond range from 1 to 30 ns. In addition, some studies with femtosecond lasers have been published. However, there are no studies on the effect of all these la-sers parameters on bioprinting with a metal DRL, and on comparing different wavelengths and pulse durations - except one study comparing 500 femtosecond pulses with 15 ns pulses. In this paper, the effects of laser wavelength (355, 532, and 1064 nm) and laser pulse duration (in the range of 8 to 200 ns) are investigated. Furthermore, the effects of laser pulse energy, intensity, and focal spot size are studied. The printed droplet volume, hydrogel jet velocity, and cell via-bility are analyzed.

KW - Bioprinting

KW - Laser absorption layer

KW - Laser parametric study

KW - Laser-assisted bioprinting

KW - Laser-induced forward transfer

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85027180740&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.18063/IJB.2017.01.001

DO - 10.18063/IJB.2017.01.001

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85027180740

VL - 3

SP - 42

EP - 53

JO - International Journal of Bioprinting

JF - International Journal of Bioprinting

IS - 1

ER -