TY - JOUR

T1 - Large-scale physical modeling of broken solitary waves impacting elevated coastal structures

AU - Krautwald, Clemens

AU - Von Häfen, Hajo

AU - Niebuhr, Peter

AU - Vögele, Katrin

AU - Schürenkamp, David

AU - Sieder, Mike

AU - Goseberg, Nils

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Volkswagen Foundation [93826]. The authors are indebted to the technical staff at the Coastal Research Center, Hannover, and the Leichtweiß-Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources who greatly eased conducting experiment at large-scale. The cost of operation of the large wave flume at Coastal Research Center is jointly covered by the Leibniz University Hannover and Technische Universität Braunschweig. The support of the Volkswagen Foundation (project ‘Beyond Rigidity - Collapsing Structures in Experimental Hydraulics,’ No. 93826) through a grant held by N. Goseberg is greatly acknowledged.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Amongst extreme hydrodynamic events are bore- and surge-type flow motions that are observed in the context of storm surges induced by tropical cyclones, but also occur when tsunami or flash floods strike. Coastal houses built on elevated pile foundations have suffered less damages in recent extreme hydrodynamic events since the water could pass beneath the floor slabs decreasing the exertion of forces onto structures. To date, research pertaining to horizontal and vertical forces on elevated structures is still scarce. Specifically, previous research may not be applicable to cases of bore-type inundation interacting with elevated coastal structures. This work hence aims to model non-elevated and elevated coastal structure, and to deepen insight into forces with a focus on the structural elevation. For this purpose, large-scale experimental tests were performed on a uniform 1:15 slope in combination with an adjacent horizontal plane. Idealized residential buildings on a length scale of 1:5 were designed to simulate loading conditions of broken solitary waves on slab-on-grade and elevated buildings. A wide range of horizontal forces between 0.1 and 10 (Formula presented.), vertical forces between 0.5 and 7.5 (Formula presented.) and overturning moments up to 4.5 (Formula presented.) were measured. In accordance with the experimental results, design equations were derived.

AB - Amongst extreme hydrodynamic events are bore- and surge-type flow motions that are observed in the context of storm surges induced by tropical cyclones, but also occur when tsunami or flash floods strike. Coastal houses built on elevated pile foundations have suffered less damages in recent extreme hydrodynamic events since the water could pass beneath the floor slabs decreasing the exertion of forces onto structures. To date, research pertaining to horizontal and vertical forces on elevated structures is still scarce. Specifically, previous research may not be applicable to cases of bore-type inundation interacting with elevated coastal structures. This work hence aims to model non-elevated and elevated coastal structure, and to deepen insight into forces with a focus on the structural elevation. For this purpose, large-scale experimental tests were performed on a uniform 1:15 slope in combination with an adjacent horizontal plane. Idealized residential buildings on a length scale of 1:5 were designed to simulate loading conditions of broken solitary waves on slab-on-grade and elevated buildings. A wide range of horizontal forces between 0.1 and 10 (Formula presented.), vertical forces between 0.5 and 7.5 (Formula presented.) and overturning moments up to 4.5 (Formula presented.) were measured. In accordance with the experimental results, design equations were derived.

KW - elevated coastal structures

KW - experimental modeling

KW - Storm surge

KW - structural response

KW - tsunami

KW - wave forces

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122442678&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1080/21664250.2021.2023380

DO - 10.1080/21664250.2021.2023380

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85122442678

VL - 64

SP - 169

EP - 189

JO - Coastal engineering journal

JF - Coastal engineering journal

SN - 2166-4250

IS - 1

ER -