TY - JOUR

T1 - In-situ biochar production associated with paddies

T2 - Direct involvement of farmers in greenhouse gases reduction policies besides increasing nutrients availability and rice production

AU - Ghorbani, Mohammad

AU - Amirahmadi, Elnaz

AU - Zamanian, Kazem

N1 - Funding information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the Guilan Science & Technology Park and Rice Research Institute of Iran for providing the paddy field for this research and the German Research Foundation (ZA 1068/4-1) for their support.

PY - 2021/8/30

Y1 - 2021/8/30

N2 - Treating soils with pyrolyzed biomass, that is biochar, is proposed as a conditioner and a carbon geoengineering measure. Rice is known as a strategic crop and rice husk is a cheap and available feedstock material for biochar in particular in Asia. We conducted a field experiment with laboratory biochar (LB) and locally produced [in-situ biochar (IB)] applied at rates of 10 and 20 t ha−1 using a randomized block design in three replicates to examine the efficiency of IB for improving soil condition for rice production, and to propose a cheap and in-farm applicable measure to decrease greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from the agricultural sector. Grain yield significantly increased following biochar addition by 52.2%, 53.2%, 65.4%, and 67.2% in LB10, IB10, LB20, and IB20, respectively. Total biomass in all biochar treatments had a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with our control and the highest biomass belonged to LB20 and IB20 with 12.2 and 15.7 t ha1, respectively. The highest grain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium was in IB20. Compared to the control, IB20 significantly decreased emissions of CH4 by 72.3%, N2O by 85.8%, and CO2 by 32.9%. IB is as effective as LB. IB production and application provide a sustainable management approach for dealing with crop residues, improves soil conditions (aeration and nutrients availability) for crop growth, and directly and in a practical way involves farmers in GHGs reduction policies.

AB - Treating soils with pyrolyzed biomass, that is biochar, is proposed as a conditioner and a carbon geoengineering measure. Rice is known as a strategic crop and rice husk is a cheap and available feedstock material for biochar in particular in Asia. We conducted a field experiment with laboratory biochar (LB) and locally produced [in-situ biochar (IB)] applied at rates of 10 and 20 t ha−1 using a randomized block design in three replicates to examine the efficiency of IB for improving soil condition for rice production, and to propose a cheap and in-farm applicable measure to decrease greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from the agricultural sector. Grain yield significantly increased following biochar addition by 52.2%, 53.2%, 65.4%, and 67.2% in LB10, IB10, LB20, and IB20, respectively. Total biomass in all biochar treatments had a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with our control and the highest biomass belonged to LB20 and IB20 with 12.2 and 15.7 t ha1, respectively. The highest grain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium was in IB20. Compared to the control, IB20 significantly decreased emissions of CH4 by 72.3%, N2O by 85.8%, and CO2 by 32.9%. IB is as effective as LB. IB production and application provide a sustainable management approach for dealing with crop residues, improves soil conditions (aeration and nutrients availability) for crop growth, and directly and in a practical way involves farmers in GHGs reduction policies.

KW - anthrosols

KW - crop residues

KW - global warming

KW - mitigation policies

KW - soil health

KW - soil management

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107724079&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/ldr.4006

DO - 10.1002/ldr.4006

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85107724079

VL - 32

SP - 3893

EP - 3904

JO - Land Degradation and Development

JF - Land Degradation and Development

SN - 1085-3278

IS - 14

ER -