TY - GEN

T1 - Holographically generated structured illumination for cell stimulation in optogenetics

AU - Schmieder, Felix

AU - Büttner, Lars

AU - Czarske, Jürgen

AU - Torres, Maria Leilani

AU - Heisterkamp, Alexander

AU - Klapper, Simon

AU - Busskamp, Volker

N1 - Funding information: The partial funding of this research by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through gratefully acknowledged.

PY - 2017/6/26

Y1 - 2017/6/26

N2 - In Optogenetics, cells, e.g. neurons or cardiac cells, are genetically altered to produce for example the lightsensitive protein Channelrhodopsin-2. Illuminating these cells induces action potentials or contractions and therefore allows to control electrical activity. Thus, light-induced cell stimulation can be used to gain insight to various biological processes. Many optogenetics studies, however, use only full field illumination and thus gain no local information about their specimen. But using modern spatial light modulators (SLM) in conjunction with computer-generated holograms (CGH), cells may be stimulated locally, thus enabling the research of the foundations of cell networks and cell communications. In our contribution, we present a digital holographic system for the patterned, spatially resolved stimulation of cell networks. We employ a fast ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon SLM to display CGH at up to 1.7 kHz. With an effective working distance of 33 mm, we achieve a focus of 10 μm at a positioning accuracy of the individual foci of about 8 μm. We utilized our setup for the optogenetic stimulation of clusters of cardiac cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and were able to observe contractions correlated to both temporal frequency and spatial power distribution of the light incident on the cell clusters.

AB - In Optogenetics, cells, e.g. neurons or cardiac cells, are genetically altered to produce for example the lightsensitive protein Channelrhodopsin-2. Illuminating these cells induces action potentials or contractions and therefore allows to control electrical activity. Thus, light-induced cell stimulation can be used to gain insight to various biological processes. Many optogenetics studies, however, use only full field illumination and thus gain no local information about their specimen. But using modern spatial light modulators (SLM) in conjunction with computer-generated holograms (CGH), cells may be stimulated locally, thus enabling the research of the foundations of cell networks and cell communications. In our contribution, we present a digital holographic system for the patterned, spatially resolved stimulation of cell networks. We employ a fast ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon SLM to display CGH at up to 1.7 kHz. With an effective working distance of 33 mm, we achieve a focus of 10 μm at a positioning accuracy of the individual foci of about 8 μm. We utilized our setup for the optogenetic stimulation of clusters of cardiac cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and were able to observe contractions correlated to both temporal frequency and spatial power distribution of the light incident on the cell clusters.

KW - computer-generated hologram

KW - optogenetics

KW - spatial light modulator

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85030688949&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1117/12.2270281

DO - 10.1117/12.2270281

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85030688949

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Digital Optical Technologies 2017

PB - SPIE

T2 - Digital Optical Technologies 2017

Y2 - 26 June 2017 through 28 June 2017

ER -