TY - JOUR

T1 - German Value Set for the EQ-5D-5L

AU - Ludwig, Kristina

AU - Graf von der Schulenburg, J. Matthias

AU - Greiner, Wolfgang

N1 - Funding information: The authors thank the interviewers from Kantar Health, and Ole Marten, Kristina Schaubert, and Katharina Viehmann, who acted as supervisors. The authors also thank Elly Stolk, Juan M. Ramos-Goñi, Mark Oppe, and Arnd Jan Prause for their support during the study. Helpful comments and input by Elly Stolk, Juan M. Ramos-Goñi, and Mark Oppe during data analysis and paper preparation are gratefully acknowledged. Kristina Ludwig and Wolfgang Greiner are members of the EuroQol Research Foundation (the copyright holders of EQ-5D-5L). J.-Matthias Graf von der Schulenburg has no conflicts of interest directly relevant to the content of this article. Funding This study was co-funded by the EuroQol Research Foundation, the Department of Health Economics and Health Care Management at the Bielefeld University, and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

PY - 2018/6

Y1 - 2018/6

N2 - Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a value set for EQ-5D-5L based on the societal preferences of the German population. As the first country to do so, the study design used the improved EQ-5D-5L valuation protocol 2.0 developed by the EuroQol Group, including a feedback module as internal validation and a quality control process that was missing in the first wave of EQ-5D-5L valuation studies. Methods: A representative sample of the general German population (n = 1158) was interviewed using a composite time trade-off and a discrete choice experiment under close quality control. Econometric modeling was used to estimate values for all 3125 possible health states described by EQ-5D-5L. The value set was based on a hybrid model including all available information from the composite time trade-off and discrete choice experiment valuations without any exclusions due to data issues. Results: The final German value set was constructed from a combination of a conditional logit model for the discrete choice experiment data and a censored at −1 Tobit model for the composite time trade-off data, correcting for heteroskedasticity. The value set had logically consistent parameter estimates (p < 0.001 for all coefficients). The predicted EQ-5D-5L index values ranged from −0.661 to 1. Conclusions: This study provided values for the health states of the German version of EQ-5D-5L representing the preferences of the German population. The study successfully employed for the first time worldwide the improved protocol 2.0. The value set enables the use of the EQ-5D-5L instrument in economic evaluations and in clinical studies.

AB - Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a value set for EQ-5D-5L based on the societal preferences of the German population. As the first country to do so, the study design used the improved EQ-5D-5L valuation protocol 2.0 developed by the EuroQol Group, including a feedback module as internal validation and a quality control process that was missing in the first wave of EQ-5D-5L valuation studies. Methods: A representative sample of the general German population (n = 1158) was interviewed using a composite time trade-off and a discrete choice experiment under close quality control. Econometric modeling was used to estimate values for all 3125 possible health states described by EQ-5D-5L. The value set was based on a hybrid model including all available information from the composite time trade-off and discrete choice experiment valuations without any exclusions due to data issues. Results: The final German value set was constructed from a combination of a conditional logit model for the discrete choice experiment data and a censored at −1 Tobit model for the composite time trade-off data, correcting for heteroskedasticity. The value set had logically consistent parameter estimates (p < 0.001 for all coefficients). The predicted EQ-5D-5L index values ranged from −0.661 to 1. Conclusions: This study provided values for the health states of the German version of EQ-5D-5L representing the preferences of the German population. The study successfully employed for the first time worldwide the improved protocol 2.0. The value set enables the use of the EQ-5D-5L instrument in economic evaluations and in clinical studies.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042197398&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s40273-018-0615-8

DO - 10.1007/s40273-018-0615-8

M3 - Article

C2 - 29460066

AN - SCOPUS:85042197398

VL - 36

SP - 663

EP - 674

JO - PHARMACOECONOMICS

JF - PHARMACOECONOMICS

SN - 1170-7690

IS - 6

ER -