TY - JOUR

T1 - Genomic characterization of three marine fungi, including Emericellopsis atlantica sp. nov. with signatures of a generalist lifestyle and marine biomass degradation

AU - Hagestad, Ole Christian

AU - Hou, Lingwei

AU - Andersen, Jeanette H.

AU - Hansen, Espen H.

AU - Altermark, Bjorn

AU - Li, Chun

AU - Kuhnert, Eric

AU - Cox, Russell J.

AU - Crous, Pedro W.

AU - Spatafora, Joseph W.

AU - Lail, Kathleen

AU - Amirebrahimi, Mojgan

AU - Lipzen, Anna

AU - Pangilinan, Jasmyn

AU - Andreopoulos, William

AU - Hayes, Richard D.

AU - Ng, Vivian

AU - Grigoriev, Igor, V

AU - Jackson, Stephen A.

AU - Sutton, Thomas D. S.

AU - Dobson, Alan D. W.

AU - Rama, Teppo

N1 - Funding Information: Digibiotics (Digital Life Norway) and Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies at UiT The Arctic University of Norway, through the Research Council of Norway (Project 269425) provided funding for Teppo Rämä. This research was performed within the Community Sequence Program “1KFG” conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, a DOE Office of Science User Facility, which was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work benefitted from the sharing of expertise within the DFG priority program “Taxon-Omics: New Approaches for Discovering and Naming Biodiversity” (SPP 1991) to RJC and EK.

PY - 2021/8/9

Y1 - 2021/8/9

N2 - Marine fungi remain poorly covered in global genome sequencing campaigns; the 1000 fungal genomes (1KFG) project attempts to shed light on the diversity, ecology and potential industrial use of overlooked and poorly resolved fungal taxa. This study characterizes the genomes of three marine fungi: Emericellopsis sp. TS7, wood-associated Amylocarpus encephaloides and algae-associated Calycina marina. These species were genome sequenced to study their genomic features, biosynthetic potential and phylogenetic placement using multilocus data. Amylocarpus encephaloides and C. marina were placed in the Helotiaceae and Pezizellaceae (Helotiales), respectively, based on a 15-gene phylogenetic analysis. These two genomes had fewer biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) than Emericellopsis sp. TS7 isolate. Emericellopsis sp. TS7 (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) was isolated from the sponge Stelletta normani. A six-gene phylogenetic analysis placed the isolate in the marine Emericellopsis clade and morphological examination confirmed that the isolate represents a new species, which is described here as E. atlantica. Analysis of its CAZyme repertoire and a culturing experiment on three marine and one terrestrial substrates indicated that E. atlantica is a psychrotrophic generalist fungus that is able to degrade several types of marine biomass. FungiSMASH analysis revealed the presence of 35 BGCs including, eight non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs), six NRPS-like, six polyketide synthases, nine terpenes and six hybrid, mixed or other clusters. Of these BGCs, only five were homologous with characterized BGCs. The presence of unknown BGCs sets and large CAZyme repertoire set stage for further investigations of E. atlantica. The Pezizellaceae genome and the genome of the monotypic Amylocarpus genus represent the first published genomes of filamentous fungi that are restricted in their occurrence to the marine habitat and form thus a valuable resource for the community that can be used in studying ecological adaptions of fungi using comparative genomics.

AB - Marine fungi remain poorly covered in global genome sequencing campaigns; the 1000 fungal genomes (1KFG) project attempts to shed light on the diversity, ecology and potential industrial use of overlooked and poorly resolved fungal taxa. This study characterizes the genomes of three marine fungi: Emericellopsis sp. TS7, wood-associated Amylocarpus encephaloides and algae-associated Calycina marina. These species were genome sequenced to study their genomic features, biosynthetic potential and phylogenetic placement using multilocus data. Amylocarpus encephaloides and C. marina were placed in the Helotiaceae and Pezizellaceae (Helotiales), respectively, based on a 15-gene phylogenetic analysis. These two genomes had fewer biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) than Emericellopsis sp. TS7 isolate. Emericellopsis sp. TS7 (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) was isolated from the sponge Stelletta normani. A six-gene phylogenetic analysis placed the isolate in the marine Emericellopsis clade and morphological examination confirmed that the isolate represents a new species, which is described here as E. atlantica. Analysis of its CAZyme repertoire and a culturing experiment on three marine and one terrestrial substrates indicated that E. atlantica is a psychrotrophic generalist fungus that is able to degrade several types of marine biomass. FungiSMASH analysis revealed the presence of 35 BGCs including, eight non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs), six NRPS-like, six polyketide synthases, nine terpenes and six hybrid, mixed or other clusters. Of these BGCs, only five were homologous with characterized BGCs. The presence of unknown BGCs sets and large CAZyme repertoire set stage for further investigations of E. atlantica. The Pezizellaceae genome and the genome of the monotypic Amylocarpus genus represent the first published genomes of filamentous fungi that are restricted in their occurrence to the marine habitat and form thus a valuable resource for the community that can be used in studying ecological adaptions of fungi using comparative genomics.

KW - Bioprospecting

KW - Genome mining

KW - Illumina

KW - Lignocellulolytic enzymes

KW - Physiology

KW - Taxonomy

KW - 1 new taxon

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112365826&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1186/s43008-021-00072-0

DO - 10.1186/s43008-021-00072-0

M3 - Article

VL - 12

JO - IMA FUNGUS

JF - IMA FUNGUS

SN - 2210-6340

IS - 1

M1 - 21

ER -