TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of patulin from penicillium vulpinum on the activity of Glutathione-S-Transferase and selected antioxidative enzymes in Maize

AU - Ismaiel, Ahmed A.

AU - Papenbrock, Jutta

N1 - Funding information: This work was financially supported by a research grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (PA 764/19-1, AOBJ 618653). We thank Pamela von Trzebiatowski and Julia Volker for their excellent technical assistance. We also acknowledge Walid Abuelsoud, Institut für Botanik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany, for his valuable advices concerning measurement of enzymatic activities. The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Fund of the Leibniz Universität Hannover.

PY - 2017/7/22

Y1 - 2017/7/22

N2 - The mycotoxin patulin (PAT) was purified from Penicillium vulpinum CM1 culture that has been isolated from a soil cultivated with maize. The effect of PAT and of a fungal culture filtrate on the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and some antioxidant enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) was investigated in roots and shoots of 8-day-old maize seedlings. PAT and culture filtrate caused significant reduction effects in a dose-related manner on the total GST activity. Upon application of the high PAT concentration (25 μg·mL-1) and of the concentrated fungal filtrate (100%, v/v), the reduction in GST activity of roots was 73.8–76.0% and of shoots was 60–61.7%. Conversely, significant increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes were induced. Application of 25 μg·PAT·mL-1 increased APX, GR, DHAR, and MDHAR activity of root by 2.40-, 2.00-, 1.24-, and 2.16-fold, respectively. In shoots, the enzymatic activity was increased by 1.57-, 1.45-, 1.45-, and 1.61-fold, respectively. Similar induction values of the enzymatic activity were obtained upon application of the concentrated fungal filtrate. This is the first report describing the response of GST and antioxidant enzyme activities of plant cells to PAT toxicity.

AB - The mycotoxin patulin (PAT) was purified from Penicillium vulpinum CM1 culture that has been isolated from a soil cultivated with maize. The effect of PAT and of a fungal culture filtrate on the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and some antioxidant enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) was investigated in roots and shoots of 8-day-old maize seedlings. PAT and culture filtrate caused significant reduction effects in a dose-related manner on the total GST activity. Upon application of the high PAT concentration (25 μg·mL-1) and of the concentrated fungal filtrate (100%, v/v), the reduction in GST activity of roots was 73.8–76.0% and of shoots was 60–61.7%. Conversely, significant increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes were induced. Application of 25 μg·PAT·mL-1 increased APX, GR, DHAR, and MDHAR activity of root by 2.40-, 2.00-, 1.24-, and 2.16-fold, respectively. In shoots, the enzymatic activity was increased by 1.57-, 1.45-, 1.45-, and 1.61-fold, respectively. Similar induction values of the enzymatic activity were obtained upon application of the concentrated fungal filtrate. This is the first report describing the response of GST and antioxidant enzyme activities of plant cells to PAT toxicity.

KW - Antioxidants

KW - Glutathione-S-transferase (GST)

KW - Maize

KW - Patulin (PAT)

KW - Penicillium vulpinum

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85026681696&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/ijerph14070825

DO - 10.3390/ijerph14070825

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85026681696

VL - 14

JO - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

SN - 1661-7827

IS - 7

M1 - 825

ER -