TY - JOUR

T1 - Ductile and brittle material removal mechanisms in natural nacre A model for novel implant materials

T2 - A model for novel implant materials

AU - Denkena, Berend

AU - Koehler, Jens

AU - Moral, Analía

N1 - Funding information: This research project is part of the Collaborative Research Centre 599 “Biomedical Technology - Sustainable bioresorbable and permanent implants of metallic and ceramic materials”, sub-project D9 “Biomimetic Ceramics”. The authors would like to thank the German Research Foundation for the funding and support of the presented work.

PY - 2010/7/1

Y1 - 2010/7/1

N2 - Nacre is a composite material found in the inner layer of sea shells. It consists of soft organic and hard inorganic components arranged in a complex hierarchical structure. Due to this arrangement, nacre exhibits outstanding mechanical properties (elastic modulus: 64.70 ± 3.50 GPa, hardness: 4.41 ± 0.45 GPa, density: 2.6 g/cm3). Therefore, nacreous implant materials have a high potential in many fields. In medical science, these materials might be used for bone replacement. This article provides an insight into the material removal mechanisms occurring in the scratching of natural nacre. Scratch tests are a simplification of the grinding process and are used to investigate the influence of single input parameters on the material removal. Different scratch tool geometries and varying processing parameters are applied, so that the material removal efficiency can be evaluated by analyzing the process forces. Additionally, the scratch geometry is examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical profilometer images as well as photomicrographs. The results of these examinations provide knowledge on the machinability of nacre and also on the machinability of new nacreous materials.

AB - Nacre is a composite material found in the inner layer of sea shells. It consists of soft organic and hard inorganic components arranged in a complex hierarchical structure. Due to this arrangement, nacre exhibits outstanding mechanical properties (elastic modulus: 64.70 ± 3.50 GPa, hardness: 4.41 ± 0.45 GPa, density: 2.6 g/cm3). Therefore, nacreous implant materials have a high potential in many fields. In medical science, these materials might be used for bone replacement. This article provides an insight into the material removal mechanisms occurring in the scratching of natural nacre. Scratch tests are a simplification of the grinding process and are used to investigate the influence of single input parameters on the material removal. Different scratch tool geometries and varying processing parameters are applied, so that the material removal efficiency can be evaluated by analyzing the process forces. Additionally, the scratch geometry is examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical profilometer images as well as photomicrographs. The results of these examinations provide knowledge on the machinability of nacre and also on the machinability of new nacreous materials.

KW - Biomimetics

KW - Implant materials

KW - Material removal mechanisms

KW - Nacre

KW - Scratch tests

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956342624&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.06.014

DO - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.06.014

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77956342624

VL - 210

SP - 1827

EP - 1837

JO - Journal of Materials Processing Technology

JF - Journal of Materials Processing Technology

SN - 0924-0136

IS - 14

ER -