TY - JOUR

T1 - Dispensing pico to nanolitre of a natural hydrogel by laser-assisted bioprinting

AU - Gruene, Martin

AU - Unger, Claudia

AU - Koch, Lothar

AU - Deiwick, Andrea

AU - Chichkov, Boris

N1 - Funding information: This work is supported by funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) for the Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy) and Sonderforschungsbereich Transregio 37 (Mikro-und Nanosysteme in der Medizin). We thank Dipl.-Ing. Soenke Wienecke and Dipl.-Ing. Florian Evertz at the Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, for their kind assistance with the characterization of the hydrogels.

PY - 2011/3/7

Y1 - 2011/3/7

N2 - Background: Laser-assisted bioprinting of multi-cellular replicates in accordance with CAD blueprint may substantially improve our understandings of fundamental aspects of 3 D cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in vitro. For predictable printing results, a profound knowledge about effects of different processing parameters is essential for realisation of 3 D cell models with well-defined cell densities.Methods: Time-resolved imaging of the hydrogel jet dynamics and quantitative assessment of the dependence of printed droplet diameter on the process characteristics were conducted.Results: The existence of a counterjet was visualised, proving the bubble collapsing theory for the jet formation. Furthermore, by adjusting the viscosity and height of the applied hydrogel layer in combination with different laser pulse energies, the printing of volumes in the range of 10 to 7000 picolitres was demonstrated. Additionally, the relationship between the viscosity and the layer thickness at different laser pulse energies on the printed droplet volume was identified.Conclusions: These findings are essential for the advancement of laser-assisted bioprinting by enabling predictable printing results and the integration of computational methods in the generation of 3 D multi-cellular constructs.

AB - Background: Laser-assisted bioprinting of multi-cellular replicates in accordance with CAD blueprint may substantially improve our understandings of fundamental aspects of 3 D cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in vitro. For predictable printing results, a profound knowledge about effects of different processing parameters is essential for realisation of 3 D cell models with well-defined cell densities.Methods: Time-resolved imaging of the hydrogel jet dynamics and quantitative assessment of the dependence of printed droplet diameter on the process characteristics were conducted.Results: The existence of a counterjet was visualised, proving the bubble collapsing theory for the jet formation. Furthermore, by adjusting the viscosity and height of the applied hydrogel layer in combination with different laser pulse energies, the printing of volumes in the range of 10 to 7000 picolitres was demonstrated. Additionally, the relationship between the viscosity and the layer thickness at different laser pulse energies on the printed droplet volume was identified.Conclusions: These findings are essential for the advancement of laser-assisted bioprinting by enabling predictable printing results and the integration of computational methods in the generation of 3 D multi-cellular constructs.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79952230133&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1186/1475-925X-10-19

DO - 10.1186/1475-925X-10-19

M3 - Article

C2 - 21385332

AN - SCOPUS:79952230133

VL - 10

JO - Biomedical engineering online

JF - Biomedical engineering online

SN - 1475-925X

IS - 19

M1 - 19

ER -