TY - JOUR

T1 - Defining the lipidome of Arabidopsis leaf mitochondria

T2 - Specific lipid complement and lipid biosynthesis capacity

AU - Liu, Yi-Tse

AU - Senkler, Jennifer

AU - Herrfurth, Cornelia

AU - Braun, Hans-Peter

AU - Feussner, Ivo

N1 - Funding Information: We are grateful for the technical assistance from Sabine Freitag. Y.-T.L. has been a doctoral student of the Ph.D. program “Molecular Biology”—International Max Planck Research School and the Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics, and Molecular Biosciences (GGNB) (DFG grant GSC 226) at the Georg August University Göttingen. Funding Information: I.F. and H.P.B. acknowledge funding through the German Research Foundation (DFG: INST 186/822-1, INST 186/ 1167-1, INST 187/503-1 and ZUK 45/2010).

PY - 2023/4

Y1 - 2023/4

N2 - Mitochondria are often considered as the power stations of the cell, playing critical roles in various biological processes such as cellular respiration, photosynthesis, stress responses, and programmed cell death. To maintain the structural and functional integrities of mitochondria, it is crucial to achieve a defined membrane lipid composition between different lipid classes wherein specific proportions of individual lipid species are present. Although mitochondria are capable of self-synthesizing a few lipid classes, many phospholipids are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transferred to mitochondria via membrane contact sites, as mitochondria are excluded from the vesicular transportation pathway. However, knowledge on the capability of lipid biosynthesis in mitochondria and the precise mechanism of maintaining the homeostasis of mitochondrial lipids is still scarce. Here we describe the lipidome of mitochondria isolated from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves, including the molecular species of glycerolipids, sphingolipids, and sterols, to depict the lipid landscape of mitochondrial membranes. In addition, we define proteins involved in lipid metabolism by proteomic analysis and compare our data with mitochondria from cell cultures since they still serve as model systems. Proteins putatively localized to the membrane contact sites are proposed based on the proteomic results and online databases. Collectively, our results suggest that leaf mitochondria are capable—with the assistance of membrane contact site-localized proteins—of generating several lipid classes including phosphatidylethanola-mines, cardiolipins, diacylgalactosylglycerols, and free sterols. We anticipate our work to be a foundation to further investigate the functional roles of lipids and their involvement in biochemical reactions in plant mitochondria.

AB - Mitochondria are often considered as the power stations of the cell, playing critical roles in various biological processes such as cellular respiration, photosynthesis, stress responses, and programmed cell death. To maintain the structural and functional integrities of mitochondria, it is crucial to achieve a defined membrane lipid composition between different lipid classes wherein specific proportions of individual lipid species are present. Although mitochondria are capable of self-synthesizing a few lipid classes, many phospholipids are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transferred to mitochondria via membrane contact sites, as mitochondria are excluded from the vesicular transportation pathway. However, knowledge on the capability of lipid biosynthesis in mitochondria and the precise mechanism of maintaining the homeostasis of mitochondrial lipids is still scarce. Here we describe the lipidome of mitochondria isolated from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves, including the molecular species of glycerolipids, sphingolipids, and sterols, to depict the lipid landscape of mitochondrial membranes. In addition, we define proteins involved in lipid metabolism by proteomic analysis and compare our data with mitochondria from cell cultures since they still serve as model systems. Proteins putatively localized to the membrane contact sites are proposed based on the proteomic results and online databases. Collectively, our results suggest that leaf mitochondria are capable—with the assistance of membrane contact site-localized proteins—of generating several lipid classes including phosphatidylethanola-mines, cardiolipins, diacylgalactosylglycerols, and free sterols. We anticipate our work to be a foundation to further investigate the functional roles of lipids and their involvement in biochemical reactions in plant mitochondria.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151901110&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/plphys/kiad035

DO - 10.1093/plphys/kiad035

M3 - Article

VL - 191

SP - 2185

EP - 2203

JO - Plant Physiology

JF - Plant Physiology

SN - 0032-0889

IS - 4

ER -