TY - JOUR

T1 - Considerations in the Use of an Infinite-Dose System for Studying Surfactant Effects on Diffusion in Isolated Cuticles

AU - Knoche, Moritz

AU - Bukovac, Martin J.

PY - 1994/4/1

Y1 - 1994/4/1

N2 - The effect of Triton X-100 [TX-100, α-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)] at concentrations below and above the critical micelle concentration (cmc, cmc = 0.019% w/w) on diffusion of 2-(1-[14C]naphthyl)acetic acid (NAA, 1 μM) through isolated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Pik Red) fruit cuticular (CM) and dewaxed cuticular membranes (DCM) was studied using an infinite-dose system. TX-100 significantly increased time lags of NAA diffusion from 5 h (NAA only) and 5.8 h (0.01% w/v TX-100) to 7.4 h (0.1% TX-100) and 7.1 h (1% TX-100) when averaged over CM and DCM. Diffusion time lags in the absence and presence of TX-100 were greater for CM (6.1 h) than for DCM (5.2 h). In CM, 0.01% TX-100 increased NAA flux, while 0.1% had no effect and 1% TX-100 decreased the flux. In DCM, both 0.01 and 0.1% TX-100 enhanced the rate of NAA penetration, while flux was reduced in the presence of 1 % TX-100. Two different approaches for calculating partition and diffusion coefficients are presented, and their suitability for analyzing effects of spray additives on cuticular penetration of an active ingredient is discussed using the example of TX-100 effects on NAA penetration.

AB - The effect of Triton X-100 [TX-100, α-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)] at concentrations below and above the critical micelle concentration (cmc, cmc = 0.019% w/w) on diffusion of 2-(1-[14C]naphthyl)acetic acid (NAA, 1 μM) through isolated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Pik Red) fruit cuticular (CM) and dewaxed cuticular membranes (DCM) was studied using an infinite-dose system. TX-100 significantly increased time lags of NAA diffusion from 5 h (NAA only) and 5.8 h (0.01% w/v TX-100) to 7.4 h (0.1% TX-100) and 7.1 h (1% TX-100) when averaged over CM and DCM. Diffusion time lags in the absence and presence of TX-100 were greater for CM (6.1 h) than for DCM (5.2 h). In CM, 0.01% TX-100 increased NAA flux, while 0.1% had no effect and 1% TX-100 decreased the flux. In DCM, both 0.01 and 0.1% TX-100 enhanced the rate of NAA penetration, while flux was reduced in the presence of 1 % TX-100. Two different approaches for calculating partition and diffusion coefficients are presented, and their suitability for analyzing effects of spray additives on cuticular penetration of an active ingredient is discussed using the example of TX-100 effects on NAA penetration.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0000769228&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/jf00040a034

DO - 10.1021/jf00040a034

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0000769228

VL - 42

SP - 1013

EP - 1018

JO - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

SN - 0021-8561

IS - 4

ER -