TY - JOUR

T1 - Cleavage of β,β-carotene to flavor compounds by fungi

AU - Zorn, H.

AU - Langhoff, S.

AU - Scheibner, M.

AU - Berger, R. G.

N1 - Funding information: Support of the work by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (ZO 122/1–1) is gratefully acknowledged. All experiments comply with the current laws of the Federal Republic of Germany.

PY - 2003/4/26

Y1 - 2003/4/26

N2 - More than 50 filamentous fungi and yeasts, known for de novo synthesis or biotransformation of mono-, sesqui-, tri-, or tetraterpenes, were screened for their ability to cleave β,β-carotene to flavor compounds. Ten strains discolored a β,β-carotene-containing growth agar, indicating efficient degradation of β,β-carotene. Dihydroactinidiolide was formed as the sole conversion product of β,β-carotene in submerged cultures of Ganoderma applanatum, Hypomyces odoratus, Kuehneromyces mutabilis, and Trametes suaveolens. When mycelium-free culture supernatants from five species were applied for the conversions, nearly complete degradation of β,β-carotene was observed after 12 h. Carotenoid-derived volatile products were detected in the media of Ischnoderma benzoinum, Marasmius scorodonius, and Trametes versicolor. β-Ionone proved to be the main metabolite in each case, whereas β-cyclocitral, dihydroactinidiolide, and 2-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexanone were formed in minor quantities. Using a photometric bleaching test, the β,β-carotene cleaving enzyme activities of M. scorodonius were partially characterized.

AB - More than 50 filamentous fungi and yeasts, known for de novo synthesis or biotransformation of mono-, sesqui-, tri-, or tetraterpenes, were screened for their ability to cleave β,β-carotene to flavor compounds. Ten strains discolored a β,β-carotene-containing growth agar, indicating efficient degradation of β,β-carotene. Dihydroactinidiolide was formed as the sole conversion product of β,β-carotene in submerged cultures of Ganoderma applanatum, Hypomyces odoratus, Kuehneromyces mutabilis, and Trametes suaveolens. When mycelium-free culture supernatants from five species were applied for the conversions, nearly complete degradation of β,β-carotene was observed after 12 h. Carotenoid-derived volatile products were detected in the media of Ischnoderma benzoinum, Marasmius scorodonius, and Trametes versicolor. β-Ionone proved to be the main metabolite in each case, whereas β-cyclocitral, dihydroactinidiolide, and 2-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexanone were formed in minor quantities. Using a photometric bleaching test, the β,β-carotene cleaving enzyme activities of M. scorodonius were partially characterized.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0042770348&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00253-003-1309-4

DO - 10.1007/s00253-003-1309-4

M3 - Article

C2 - 12719936

AN - SCOPUS:0042770348

VL - 62

SP - 331

EP - 336

JO - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

SN - 0175-7598

IS - 4

ER -