Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungPeer-Review

Autoren

  • Diana Heuermann
  • Norman Gentsch
  • Georg Guggenberger
  • Barbara Reinhold-Hurek
  • Dörte Schweneker
  • Ulf Feuerstein
  • Marc Christian Heuermann
  • Jonas Groß
  • Robin Kümmerer
  • Bernhard Bauer
  • Nicolaus von Wirén

Organisationseinheiten

Externe Organisationen

  • Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
  • Universität Bremen
  • Deutsche Saatveredelung AG (DSV)
  • Hochschule Weihenstephan-Triesdorf
Forschungs-netzwerk anzeigen

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer126504
Seitenumfang14
FachzeitschriftEuropean journal of agronomy
Jahrgang136
Frühes Online-Datum8 Apr. 2022
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Mai 2022

Abstract

Winter catch crops are grown to scavenge nutrients over a period of unfavorable growth conditions and to conserve nutrients for subsequent release to the following main crop. Since environmental conditions have a strong impact on the growth and nutrient capture in roots and shoots of individual catch crop species, we anticipated that mixtures will be more durable and efficient in nutrient capture due to compensatory effects among component species. We tested this hypothesis and determined the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the shoots and roots of four catch crop species grown in pure vs. mixed stands at two sites for two or three years. Element concentrations were determined in the root and shoot biomass of each species and used to calculate the nutrient pool fixed in the root or shoot biomass. A qPCR-based technique was applied to quantify the root biomass of individual species based on species-specific DNA sequences. Despite considerable variation across environments, the overall plant biomass of white mustard (Sinapis alba), lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) was similar and higher than that of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). While pure stands varied 6- to 24-fold in shoot biomass depending on environmental conditions, the variation was only ~3-fold for catch crop mixtures, with less pronounced variation in the root biomass. In general, the root biomass was comparable to the shoot biomass in each species. Roots contributed 26–46% of the nitrogen and 36–48% of the phosphorus to the total accumulation of these nutrients in the catch crop biomass, thus emphasizing the importance of plant roots as belowground nutrient pool for potential carry-over of nutrients to the subsequent crop. Although the mixture was mostly dominated by two of the four species, namely mustard and phacelia, it captured similar or even larger amounts of nutrients than the best-performing pure stand under any growth condition. This was the case for shoot- and for root-bound nutrients. Our results indicate that catch crop mixtures have higher durability than pure cultures to environmental variations. The amount of nitrogen captured by the mixture meets the average postharvest nitrogen that is left over by a wide range of cash crops, thus emphasizing that catch crop mixtures represent an efficient nutrient management tool in crop rotations.

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Zitieren

Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments. / Heuermann, Diana; Gentsch, Norman; Guggenberger, Georg et al.
in: European journal of agronomy, Jahrgang 136, 126504, 05.2022.

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungPeer-Review

Heuermann, D, Gentsch, N, Guggenberger, G, Reinhold-Hurek, B, Schweneker, D, Feuerstein, U, Heuermann, MC, Groß, J, Kümmerer, R, Bauer, B & von Wirén, N 2022, 'Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments', European journal of agronomy, Jg. 136, 126504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126504
Heuermann, D., Gentsch, N., Guggenberger, G., Reinhold-Hurek, B., Schweneker, D., Feuerstein, U., Heuermann, M. C., Groß, J., Kümmerer, R., Bauer, B., & von Wirén, N. (2022). Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments. European journal of agronomy, 136, Artikel 126504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126504
Heuermann D, Gentsch N, Guggenberger G, Reinhold-Hurek B, Schweneker D, Feuerstein U et al. Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments. European journal of agronomy. 2022 Mai;136:126504. Epub 2022 Apr 8. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2022.126504
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title = "Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments",
abstract = "Winter catch crops are grown to scavenge nutrients over a period of unfavorable growth conditions and to conserve nutrients for subsequent release to the following main crop. Since environmental conditions have a strong impact on the growth and nutrient capture in roots and shoots of individual catch crop species, we anticipated that mixtures will be more durable and efficient in nutrient capture due to compensatory effects among component species. We tested this hypothesis and determined the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the shoots and roots of four catch crop species grown in pure vs. mixed stands at two sites for two or three years. Element concentrations were determined in the root and shoot biomass of each species and used to calculate the nutrient pool fixed in the root or shoot biomass. A qPCR-based technique was applied to quantify the root biomass of individual species based on species-specific DNA sequences. Despite considerable variation across environments, the overall plant biomass of white mustard (Sinapis alba), lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) was similar and higher than that of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). While pure stands varied 6- to 24-fold in shoot biomass depending on environmental conditions, the variation was only ~3-fold for catch crop mixtures, with less pronounced variation in the root biomass. In general, the root biomass was comparable to the shoot biomass in each species. Roots contributed 26–46% of the nitrogen and 36–48% of the phosphorus to the total accumulation of these nutrients in the catch crop biomass, thus emphasizing the importance of plant roots as belowground nutrient pool for potential carry-over of nutrients to the subsequent crop. Although the mixture was mostly dominated by two of the four species, namely mustard and phacelia, it captured similar or even larger amounts of nutrients than the best-performing pure stand under any growth condition. This was the case for shoot- and for root-bound nutrients. Our results indicate that catch crop mixtures have higher durability than pure cultures to environmental variations. The amount of nitrogen captured by the mixture meets the average postharvest nitrogen that is left over by a wide range of cash crops, thus emphasizing that catch crop mixtures represent an efficient nutrient management tool in crop rotations.",
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author = "Diana Heuermann and Norman Gentsch and Georg Guggenberger and Barbara Reinhold-Hurek and D{\"o}rte Schweneker and Ulf Feuerstein and Heuermann, {Marc Christian} and Jonas Gro{\ss} and Robin K{\"u}mmerer and Bernhard Bauer and {von Wir{\'e}n}, Nicolaus",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [grant number 031A559 - CATCHY ].",
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Download

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T1 - Catch crop mixtures have higher potential for nutrient carry-over than pure stands under changing environments

AU - Heuermann, Diana

AU - Gentsch, Norman

AU - Guggenberger, Georg

AU - Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara

AU - Schweneker, Dörte

AU - Feuerstein, Ulf

AU - Heuermann, Marc Christian

AU - Groß, Jonas

AU - Kümmerer, Robin

AU - Bauer, Bernhard

AU - von Wirén, Nicolaus

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [grant number 031A559 - CATCHY ].

PY - 2022/5

Y1 - 2022/5

N2 - Winter catch crops are grown to scavenge nutrients over a period of unfavorable growth conditions and to conserve nutrients for subsequent release to the following main crop. Since environmental conditions have a strong impact on the growth and nutrient capture in roots and shoots of individual catch crop species, we anticipated that mixtures will be more durable and efficient in nutrient capture due to compensatory effects among component species. We tested this hypothesis and determined the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the shoots and roots of four catch crop species grown in pure vs. mixed stands at two sites for two or three years. Element concentrations were determined in the root and shoot biomass of each species and used to calculate the nutrient pool fixed in the root or shoot biomass. A qPCR-based technique was applied to quantify the root biomass of individual species based on species-specific DNA sequences. Despite considerable variation across environments, the overall plant biomass of white mustard (Sinapis alba), lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) was similar and higher than that of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). While pure stands varied 6- to 24-fold in shoot biomass depending on environmental conditions, the variation was only ~3-fold for catch crop mixtures, with less pronounced variation in the root biomass. In general, the root biomass was comparable to the shoot biomass in each species. Roots contributed 26–46% of the nitrogen and 36–48% of the phosphorus to the total accumulation of these nutrients in the catch crop biomass, thus emphasizing the importance of plant roots as belowground nutrient pool for potential carry-over of nutrients to the subsequent crop. Although the mixture was mostly dominated by two of the four species, namely mustard and phacelia, it captured similar or even larger amounts of nutrients than the best-performing pure stand under any growth condition. This was the case for shoot- and for root-bound nutrients. Our results indicate that catch crop mixtures have higher durability than pure cultures to environmental variations. The amount of nitrogen captured by the mixture meets the average postharvest nitrogen that is left over by a wide range of cash crops, thus emphasizing that catch crop mixtures represent an efficient nutrient management tool in crop rotations.

AB - Winter catch crops are grown to scavenge nutrients over a period of unfavorable growth conditions and to conserve nutrients for subsequent release to the following main crop. Since environmental conditions have a strong impact on the growth and nutrient capture in roots and shoots of individual catch crop species, we anticipated that mixtures will be more durable and efficient in nutrient capture due to compensatory effects among component species. We tested this hypothesis and determined the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the shoots and roots of four catch crop species grown in pure vs. mixed stands at two sites for two or three years. Element concentrations were determined in the root and shoot biomass of each species and used to calculate the nutrient pool fixed in the root or shoot biomass. A qPCR-based technique was applied to quantify the root biomass of individual species based on species-specific DNA sequences. Despite considerable variation across environments, the overall plant biomass of white mustard (Sinapis alba), lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) was similar and higher than that of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). While pure stands varied 6- to 24-fold in shoot biomass depending on environmental conditions, the variation was only ~3-fold for catch crop mixtures, with less pronounced variation in the root biomass. In general, the root biomass was comparable to the shoot biomass in each species. Roots contributed 26–46% of the nitrogen and 36–48% of the phosphorus to the total accumulation of these nutrients in the catch crop biomass, thus emphasizing the importance of plant roots as belowground nutrient pool for potential carry-over of nutrients to the subsequent crop. Although the mixture was mostly dominated by two of the four species, namely mustard and phacelia, it captured similar or even larger amounts of nutrients than the best-performing pure stand under any growth condition. This was the case for shoot- and for root-bound nutrients. Our results indicate that catch crop mixtures have higher durability than pure cultures to environmental variations. The amount of nitrogen captured by the mixture meets the average postharvest nitrogen that is left over by a wide range of cash crops, thus emphasizing that catch crop mixtures represent an efficient nutrient management tool in crop rotations.

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