TY - JOUR

T1 - Accurate prediction of heating energy demand of courtyard's surrounding envelopes using temperature correction factor

AU - Forouzandeh, Aysan

AU - Richter, Torsten

N1 - We thank the Institute of building physics and Prof. Dr. N. A. Fouad, who provided possibility and equipment for this research. We would also like to show our gratitude to the ENVI-met group and Prof. Dr. Michael Bruse for technical support.

PY - 2019/6/15

Y1 - 2019/6/15

N2 - It is widely accepted that the climatic factors—including solar load, wind flow pattern and external air temperature—strongly affect building energy consumption. Meanwhile, the microclimate of semi-closed spaces between buildings has direct and indirect consequences on heat transfer through building envelopes. This study demonstrates how courtyard configuration can modify the climate and external air temperature and how the microclimate condition can be considered for functionally accurate calculation of heat loss and thermal loads of buildings. Based on the experimental and computational results, increasing the courtyard's depth by restricting the sky view factor (SVF) and the heat exchange with courtyard's outside at low levels, creates the individual microclimate. The thermal environment of this middle space is affected more than outside by surrounding rooms and the thermal properties of the building walls. The findings, which are limited to experimental cases in the Hanover climate region, propose to consider the temperature of courtyard depending on its aspect ratio and glazing percentage with a temperature correction factor (F x , Heat load ) between 0.9 to 2.2.

AB - It is widely accepted that the climatic factors—including solar load, wind flow pattern and external air temperature—strongly affect building energy consumption. Meanwhile, the microclimate of semi-closed spaces between buildings has direct and indirect consequences on heat transfer through building envelopes. This study demonstrates how courtyard configuration can modify the climate and external air temperature and how the microclimate condition can be considered for functionally accurate calculation of heat loss and thermal loads of buildings. Based on the experimental and computational results, increasing the courtyard's depth by restricting the sky view factor (SVF) and the heat exchange with courtyard's outside at low levels, creates the individual microclimate. The thermal environment of this middle space is affected more than outside by surrounding rooms and the thermal properties of the building walls. The findings, which are limited to experimental cases in the Hanover climate region, propose to consider the temperature of courtyard depending on its aspect ratio and glazing percentage with a temperature correction factor (F x , Heat load ) between 0.9 to 2.2.

KW - Aspect ratio (H/W)

KW - Courtyard microclimate

KW - Heat transfer through building envelope

KW - Temperature correction Factor

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063411851&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.03.030

DO - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.03.030

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85063411851

VL - 193

SP - 49

EP - 68

JO - Energy and buildings

JF - Energy and buildings

SN - 0378-7788

ER -