TY - JOUR

T1 - A Framework Based on Reference Data with Superordinate Accuracy for the Quality Analysis of Terrestrial Laser Scanning-Based Multi-Sensor-Systems

AU - Stenz, Ulrich

AU - Hartmann, Jens

AU - Paffenholz, Jens André

AU - Neumann, Ingo

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments: The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Fund of the Leibniz Universität Hannover. The results of this contribution were generated in a cooperation project sponsored by the VDI/VDE as project (16KN035225) sponsor of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy (BMWi). The authors acknowledge to Hauke Haas for the assistance during the measurements and the calibration of the targets. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2017/8/16

Y1 - 2017/8/16

N2 - Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is an efficient solution to collect large-scale data. The efficiency can be increased by combining TLS with additional sensors in a TLS-based multi-sensorsystem (MSS). The uncertainty of scanned points is not homogenous and depends on many different influencing factors. These include the sensor properties, referencing, scan geometry (e.g., distance and angle of incidence), environmental conditions (e.g., atmospheric conditions) and the scanned object (e.g., material, color and reflectance, etc.). The paper presents methods, infrastructure and results for the validation of the suitability of TLS and TLS-based MSS. Main aspects are the backward modelling of the uncertainty on the basis of reference data (e.g., point clouds) with superordinate accuracy and the appropriation of a suitable environment/infrastructure (e.g., the calibration process of the targets for the registration of laser scanner and laser tracker data in a common coordinate system with high accuracy) In this context superordinate accuracy means that the accuracy of the acquired reference data is better by a factor of 10 than the data of the validated TLS and TLS-based MSS. These aspects play an important role in engineering geodesy, where the aimed accuracy lies in a range of a few mm or less.

AB - Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is an efficient solution to collect large-scale data. The efficiency can be increased by combining TLS with additional sensors in a TLS-based multi-sensorsystem (MSS). The uncertainty of scanned points is not homogenous and depends on many different influencing factors. These include the sensor properties, referencing, scan geometry (e.g., distance and angle of incidence), environmental conditions (e.g., atmospheric conditions) and the scanned object (e.g., material, color and reflectance, etc.). The paper presents methods, infrastructure and results for the validation of the suitability of TLS and TLS-based MSS. Main aspects are the backward modelling of the uncertainty on the basis of reference data (e.g., point clouds) with superordinate accuracy and the appropriation of a suitable environment/infrastructure (e.g., the calibration process of the targets for the registration of laser scanner and laser tracker data in a common coordinate system with high accuracy) In this context superordinate accuracy means that the accuracy of the acquired reference data is better by a factor of 10 than the data of the validated TLS and TLS-based MSS. These aspects play an important role in engineering geodesy, where the aimed accuracy lies in a range of a few mm or less.

KW - Accuracy

KW - Backward modeling

KW - Calibration

KW - Laser tracker

KW - Multi-sensor-systems

KW - Quality analysis

KW - TLS

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85027729633&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/s17081886

DO - 10.3390/s17081886

M3 - Article

C2 - 28812998

AN - SCOPUS:85027729633

VL - 17

JO - Sensors (Switzerland)

JF - Sensors (Switzerland)

SN - 1424-8220

IS - 8

M1 - 1886

ER -